Especially When There Is An Uncertainty About Men Supporting

Especially when there is an uncertainty about men supporting black women, large groups of black men who degrade black women every chance they get. Again, it is very difficult to ask black women to refrain from supporting feminism when there seems to be an internal struggle among black men and black women. Dr. Umar Johnson feels that black women are afraid of being venerable, and black women are afraid to admit that they need black men. Dr. Umar Johnson essentially is removing the liability from black men and placing the entire onus on black women. He is willing to acknowledge that black women have never been placed on a pedestal but he is unwilling to acknowledge the reason for their independence. He also seems like someone who cannot†¦show more content†¦And for Black women, it s an even greater problem: Black women are almost three times as likely to experience death as a result of DV/IPV than White women. And while Black women only make up 8% of the population, 22% of hom icides that result from DV/IPV happen to Black Women and 29% of all victimized women, making it one of the leading causes of death for Black women ages 15 to 35. Statistically, Black women experience sexual assault and DV/IPV at disproportionate rates and have the highest rates of intra-racial violence against them than any other group. They are also less likely to report or seek help when they are victimized. The reasons Black women suffer excessively from mistreatment are multifaceted. Racism and sexism are two of the prevalent problems that Black women in America encounter. But because many Black women and men believe racism is a bigger issue than sexism, Black women have a habit of feeling obligated to put race matters ahead of sex-based matters. Even when black women do speak up or pursue support, they habitually experience criticism from people of their communities who believe we are airing out dirty laundry and making ourselves look bad in front of White people. Berating Black women because they choose to support feminism is a major problem. A lot of black men don’t want to admit that they are responsible for a great deal of the oppression of black women. Black men should be supportive of the movement because black women areShow MoreRelatedCommunication Is Necessary For Developing A Good Healthy Relationship Essay1255 Words   |  6 Pagesof guidance. Hopefully, my letter will help each of you become more active with your communication skills as you begin your new relationship journey together. Beginning a new relationship can be filled with excitement and with mixed feelings of uncertainty. 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A Global Warming Warning Essay examples - 1291 Words

In 2007, the Arctic reached a 30-year low for sea ice (University of Colorado at Boulder), because of global warming or what scientists refer to climate change. Global warming might be the greatest threat to the future of humanity. Prevention of a global climate shift depends on early detection of human-made effects on climate. The current debate on global warming is divided into three categories: those who do not believe that the Earth is undergoing a climate change, others that believe the Earth is going through a climate change due to humans, and some who believe that Earth is going through a climate change but is not because of human activities. In order to understand the issues we have to look to scientific data meticulously. Global†¦show more content†¦Using this method the air trapped inside the ice can be tested to measure atmospheric gases. The rate in which temperature has increased over the last few decades is alarming compared to the rate over the last century. Global surface temperature has increased 0.6 degrees Celsius in the past thirty years, and 0.8 in the last century (Hansen 14288). The significant increase can be directly related to the amount of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. For the last 650,000 years atmospheric CO2 has never been above 300 parts per million (Hansen 14288). From 1950 to today, that number went from 280 to 380 parts per million, and proceeding at a rate unseen for 1,300 years. Direct observations find that CO2 is rising sharply due to human activity (Cook). The main source of CO2 emissions is the combustion of fossil fuels such as coal, oil and gas in power plants, automobiles, and industrial facilities (United States Environmental Protection Agency). It is most evident in the rise of automobiles. Motor vehicles have been rising by an estimated 3.69 million each year since 1960. Currently there are over 255 million registered passenger vehicles on the road today (U.S Department Of Transportation). 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Critique of Thomas Hobbes’s Leviathan Free Essays

Wright State University Modern Political Philosophy Essay 1 Critique of Thomas Hobbes’s â€Å"Leviathan† Wes Miller PHL 432 Donovan Miyasaki 10/9/2012 Thomas Hobbes was an English philosopher best known for his 1651 text â€Å"Leviathan†. In â€Å"Leviathan† Hobbes suggests that human nature is one of competition, diffidence, and glory. I will argue against this assertion, claiming that human nature is not one of war and mistrust, but one of cooperation and collaboration. We will write a custom essay sample on Critique of Thomas Hobbes’s Leviathan or any similar topic only for you Order Now I will conclude by stating that man works together to achieve the common goal of survival, happiness, and advancement of the human race. Hobbes begins his explanation of the state of nature in chapter 13 of â€Å"Leviathan† by stating that all men are equal in nature. Although one man may be stronger or more intelligent than another, humans are relatively equal in every way because of their ability to manipulate and form alliances: â€Å"For as to the strength of body, the weakest has strength enough to kill the strongest, either by secret machination, or by confederacy with others, that are in the same danger as himself. †1 Because men are all equal, Hobbes believed that they desire the same things. If two men share the same desire, they become enemies. If all men are equal, there is no way for one man to be master of all other men. If a single man were to attempt to gain power over all other men, he would be overthrown by those he was trying to have power over. Considering that all are naturally equal, and all naturally desire the same things, the nature of man, according to Hobbes, is war: â€Å"So that in the nature of man, we find three principal causes of quarrel. First, competition; secondly, diffidence; thirdly, glory† (293). In this constant state of war there is no desire for any technological advancements or culture because there would be no use for either. Many other aspects of life are thrown aside as well: â€Å"no navigation, nor use of the commodities that may be imported by sea; no commodious building; no instruments of moving, and removing such things as require much force; no knowledge of the face of the earth; no account of time; no arts; no letters; no society; and which is worst of all, continual fear, and danger of violent death; and the life of man, solitarily, poor, nasty, brutish, and short† (293). Hobbes claims that in this state of nature, there is no place for any type of justice or understanding of right and wrong. Because there is no society, there is no agreement on any type of guidelines between men. Because there are no guidelines, there is no way to be unjust. Therefore, every action in the state of nature is just. For example, it is perfectly just to steal from someone if they hold something that you desire (such as food, shelter, etc. ) Hobbes goes on to explain that the only reasons that humans would be in a state of peace would be the fear of death and the desire for commodious living. Hobbes gives a very pessimistic view of human nature. If his claims that the human nature is one of competition, diffidence, and glory were correct, the world that we live in today would be impossible to achieve. If every man was constantly at war with every other man as Hobbes claims, there would be absolutely no room for any technological advancement. He says this himself: â€Å"In such condition, there is no place for industry; because the fruit thereof is uncertain† (293). If what Hobbes claims is true, the human race would not even exist. Mankind would have destroyed itself before it was able to create any kind of society. Simply by looking back at how the world evolved to be the way it is today, anyone can see that the human race as a whole has been extremely successful. Humans worked together, formed alliances, and constantly took steps to achieve a more balanced society. Although many of these attempts have been unsuccessful, they were still attempts nonetheless. The fact that the advancement of society was even attempted proves that humans had to have worked together. I agree with Hobbes’s view that no man can be master of all men, but I do, however, believe that some men can be masters of some men. For example, the monarchial systems of England and China were successful for thousands of years. Humans have a pack mentality, much like wolves. Some are leaders, and others are followers, this has been true since the dawn of man. There have always been chieftains, kings, and presidents leading a group of other humans. Because of this system, all men are not entirely equal. Some men have power over other men. The situations in which men can be at peace with each other is exactly what Hobbes said, fear of death, but is it not true that all men fear death? If man did not fear death, the human race would die out. There has to be a fear of death in order to survive. So, if there must be a fear of death to survive, and all men have a natural fear death, would this not mean that man’s nature is one of peace? One might argue that the societies in place today are constantly at war with each other, that societies are groups of people acting as an individual, proving that Hobbes’s idea of a human nature in which we are constantly at war is correct. I would reply, however, with another question. Isn’t society a result of a mass amount of collaboration between human beings? Because the societies at war are made up of a large group of people acting as an individual, one can come to the conclusion that before societies were created, there was only cooperation. If human nature is one of constant conflict and mistrust, societies could not have been created in the first place. So, if before society existed there was only cooperation, one could say that society itself is the cause of all conflict, the opposite of Hobbes’s suggestion. I have argued that Hobbes’s idea of the human nature being one of constant conflict and mistrust is false. Humans have always trusted each other and worked together to advance the species as a whole. If there wasn’t cooperation before society, society would have never existed at all. Hobbes states that human nature does not allow industrial advancement, but industrial advancement has obviously been achieved. He claims that man can only be at peace when he fears death, yet men naturally fear death, therefore man’s nature is one of peace. The fact that Societies are constantly at war does not prove Hobbes’s theory correct, it does the opposite. Societies are a result of humans working together, therefore human nature is one of cooperation. It is difficult to know how humans would act in a complete state of nature, but merely the fact that man exists today is proof that our nature is not one of war. 1. Thomas Hobbes, Leviathan, in Political Philosophy: The Essential Texts, ed. Steven M. Cahn (New York: Oxford, 2011), 293 How to cite Critique of Thomas Hobbes’s Leviathan, Papers

How The red room by HG Wells and The farthing house by Susan Hill to a certain degree are typical of the horror, ghost story genre Essay Example For Students

How The red room by HG Wells and The farthing house by Susan Hill to a certain degree are typical of the horror, ghost story genre Essay The Red Room is a traditional gothic story, which in Victorian times would have been very popular with the readers. The author H.G Wells creates suspense in an unusual way rather than describe fear in to the readers mind with the use of long silences which have been known to work, the author develops the sense of fear without telling the reader why the fear exists in the first place. Since imagination is a humans most powerful tool, if not very helpful in scary circumstances, H.G Wells approach works creating almost like a cerebral psychosomatic thriller. The story itself is characterized by the deserted and dilapidated Loraine castle which creates an effectual plot to add to the ghoulish ambiance. The Farthing house is more subtle in its approach it is a ghost story never the less in a modern everyday setting and time era, which should be very familiar to the reader. Farthing House has a physical encounter, which creates the idea of a ghost story in a modern context. A sense of anxiety is created almost immediately in the opening sequences of The Red Room. The storyteller is youthful, confident, skeptical, and arrogant and patronizing as H.G Wells uses the characterization of the narrator through out the story to add frisson and dramatic irony through his emotions. The first person narrative familiarizes us with the character and immediately anticipation is built up, as we only know as much as the storyteller knows. As the tale progresses, three elderly custodians pierce into the story. H.G Wells uses them to create a sense of dismay and darkness by their company within the castle. H.G Wells cunningly creates an eerie and negative impression, by the clever description of the elderly people. He describes the narrators first meeting; I heard the sound of a stick and the shambling step on the flag in the passage outside, and the door creaked on its hinges as a second old man entered, more bent, more wrinkled, more aged even than the first. In the story ambiance is suggested, by arrangement and action but especially by H.G Wells choice of language when describing the characters and furniture of the room the queer old mirror, the man with the withered arm, the decaying yellow teeth and the monstrous shadows these quotes all provoke suspense and add to the atmosphere suggesting that the elderly are the ghosts themselves. H.G Wells draws a contrast between the narrator and the older characters, he is doing this as it adds to a sense of fear and tension in the story. With the narrator being the young and cynical and the elderly being the old and the wise. The old custodian gives repeated repetitions of warning of the danger that might lurk within The Red Room. But the arrogance of the narrator wins the better of him as he chooses to stay for one night in the The Red Room, of his own agreement. This nights of all nights! says the old woman. You go alone. These quotes show that repetition is used to raise uncertainty in the reader and also used to set the scene of the narrators journey to The Red Room as it adds to the creation of atmosphere. During the narrators journey to The Red Room, the once confident, dubious, patronising and self-assured character, which dominated the start of the story, begins to change, as the build up of fear, which the elderly created, starts to spread terror over the narrators mentality. The description of the surroundings leading to the to The Red Room taking place, builds up tension. Echoes rang up and down the spiral stairways. The spiral stairways itself is an example of a gothic ghost genre, as H.G Wells uses the surroundings and his eerie descriptions, to build up suspicion in the narrators mind, which is perceptible because on several occasions, the narrator becomes nervous and stops abruptly and examines mystifying things like, the shadow of the Ganymede. He tells us; Upon the white panelling it gave me the impression of someone crouching to waylay me, I stood rigid for half a minute perhaps. these quotation marks Such examples of that shows the emphasis of H.G Wells use of language, as instantaneously we, the reader, associate it with fear and evil that the narrator experiences. Later on in the story dramatic irony opens itself up, as the narrator becomes more aware of the history of the location. The fatal accident involving the Duke who had fallen down the stairs, allegedly running away from a ghost adds a sense of ghostly custom. When entering the room, he constantly reminds the reader about the tragic stories that are connected with the room, such as the timid wife. Upon entering the room, the narrator becomes unsteady in the inside but on the outside he tries to hide his fear. Wells cleverly uses his powerful use of words, when describing the room, to highlight the mystery connected with a ghost story genre. Wells describes the room as having germinating darkness. Wells uses his cunning description to create an atmosphere. Anxiety and fear, attacks the narrator, as he stands in the room. Dread plays mind games on the narrator, as it is clearly shown that the narrator becomes paranoid. On several occasions he reassures himself by a perpetual scrutiny of the room. He states; I resolved to make a systematic examination of the place at once, and dispel the fanciful suggestion of its obscurity before they can obtain a hold upon me. Notice that when the narrator says, Before they can obtain a hold upon me. The narrator refers to they, as the fear. There was something very cheery and reassuring in these little steaming flames. I did not see the candle go out. These quotes clearly show another method used by the author to create the common contrast between light and dark a typicality of gothic ghost genre. The narrator feels safe in light as he regains the sense of sight. The narrators self-assurance and confidence, is immediately eroded as what seems to be an invisible supernatural creature/spirit, as described by the narrator, as an invisible hand rapidly sweeps out the candles, one by one. But then in a volley four lights vanished at once in different corners of the room. The narrator becomes more irritated due to the dread that is overtaking his body, as on several occasions starts shouting at this invisible spirit, as he runs around the room fighting to keep the candles alight. Steady on! I said. These candles are wanted, speaking with a half-hysterical facetioness. Christmas Memory By Capote EssayI was very tired, with that slightly dazed, confused sensation that comes after a long drive the attendant conversation. Is another example of the change of atmosphere. From the narrator being a lively and energetic person to being exhausted and confused. Susan Hill uses more powerful imagery to build up tension when she says, I was overshadowed by a curious sadnessit descended like a damp veil. Throughout the narrative, there is a raising and lowering of tension. As soon as the narrator has a rising of tension, she lowers that tension by thinking of positive aspects about the house. Positive aspects like the antiques in the hall were good, substantial pieces. The matron did not call herself one and was younger than I had expected. That is another example of the narrators countering her, own emotional responses. In entering the Cedar Room, the narrator feels something sinister in the atmosphere. Almost like the exact same feeling is made by the narrator of The Red Room. This maybe due to the paranoia, that might of built up when realising that her room wasnt actually vacant. The paranoia might of came from a suggestion that the previous occupants of the room have recently passed away. The Red Room and The Cedar Room are different in many ways. The Red Room being a more gothic room which adds to the atmosphere; where as The Cedar Room is a lonely, empty room with no build, what so ever, of different types of atmosphere. Tension is ruined by the narrators use of dramatic irony, this is when she boasts that she is expecting a bad dream or to see something supernatural. But tension is later rapidly built up as the narrator later tells the reader that a presence of a crying baby was felt. Due to the narrators mention of a crying baby, the reader can make some sense of the beginning of the story, when she mentions that the birth of a child is so very vulnerable. When the narrator hears the noises of the baby crying, she becomes unsteady but once again she blank out the dread that it is in her mind by reading a book and thinking of all the positive things that consist in the house. During the night, the narrator can feel a strong presents, which raises inquisitions in the reader, but the motionless surroundings, of the big room, fails to excite the readers sub controlled fears. The narrator is in confusion, as she is unsure if she had half-dreamed, half imagined and forgotten the sound of the babys tears. Notice the narrators response to her ghostly experiences. For instance she observes: And the something else happened- or not happened. There just was something else, something else, that is the only way I can describe it. Note the narrators sense of isolation in the middle of the night and her sense of someone there as she is in confusion and doubts her own senses. The next day, the narrator tries to preclude contact with the matron, about the previous night. The narrator most likely wants to forget about the incident as does not want to be reminded the heartfelt dread which lies on the inside. The linking of the presents of the antiseptic smell which is mentioned earlier in the story, with the ghost suggest some history which may exist in Farthing House, that history being that in the house being a convalescent home during the war. H.G Wells gives a very different approach in describing the ghost in The Red Room. The ghost in The Red Room is transparent/no visible, where as Susan Hill instead gives a clear description of the ghost. The ghost bring a traditional pale face. Farthing House fails to built up our mental psyche as many of the questions are answer by the end but H.G Wells makes the audience draw its own conclusions, as the ending fails to answer questions. H.G Wells does this by not describing the ghost in any way, this adds to tension. The second encounter that the narrator has with the ghost, she does not necessary shows much panic but instead contains it within her. This may be because the psychological fear may not be of a huge disparity. For example in The Red Room the other characters had a major part in the build up of tension. Where as in Farthing house, the characters played a smaller role in creating tension but instead create a negative atmosphere. The narrator tells the reader that she feels terrible melancholy as she creates a cold atmosphere within her cleverly described emotions. The narrator tells the reader, straight after the encounter, that at the second encounter the ghost was present. She also admits that she is depressed, and distressed, due to the encounters with the ghost. The narrator ends the story by adding an ominous atmosphere to create frission. She tells the reader that it was dark, dreadful, helpless feeling and with no sense of foreboding. The concluding part of the story, Susan Hill explains to a larger extent than H.G Wells. Susan Hill creates a more of a conclusion where as The Red Room leaves the reader to draw his or her own conclusions. At the last parts of the story, the narrator stumbles across a gravestone at a nearby church. This gravestone belonged to a mother who died with her infant. She then goes to the vicar for answers, and the vicar explains as her sentiments are centred on pity and sorrow. Both writers techniques, in creating setting, atmosphere and tension all seem to be similar in one way or another. But Hill uses little hints of the genre to give slight more hope of a ghost. Hill uses the past in creating referable links from which deductions can be made. For example: the women who encountered a ghost, which was reported on the newspapers. She develops the characters by creating atmosphere, for example the bad events that later builds up to create tension. Where as Wells, uses the narrators mentality psych of the setting. Both stories have built up a really menacing atmosphere of a ghost story genre. But Wells seems to integrate the classic genre elements, which the readers are more familiar with.

Gothic Genre Explored in Tim Burtons Films free essay sample

This is often ignited by key scenes that feature macabre, supernatural, fantasy or science fiction. This is evident in the various scenes within each of Tim Burton’s Films. Tim Burton incorporates the style of Gothic elements such as Gothic style architecture and prominent dark lighting in the film, Edward Scissor Hands (1990). Through these film techniques, Burton thus is able to explore the the dark and damaged world of the suburbia.These techniques include the bright lighting within the suburbia residences, which often emphasizes the contrasting dark lighting from black shades implemented by the hand made metal structures that is prominently used within Edward’s Victorian styled manor/home. Such discrepancies between bright and dark lighting is evident in the scene where Pegg decides to visit Edward’s isolated mansion in hopes to sell her Avon products, despite her failure from her seemingly welcoming suburbia.Pegg’s exclusion implements the idea that the suburbia is the damaged world, which is evident in the scene whereby many residences such as Joyce impolitely ignores Pegg from entering her house while selling her Avon products. We will write a custom essay sample on Gothic Genre Explored in Tim Burtons Films or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page This juxtaposes the seemingly warm-hearted suburbia, which in fact is not. However Edward’s home provides more warmth than the suburbia. Tim Burton also contrasts the general suburbia and the Gothic styled architecture of Edward’s Victorian style manor. The conformity of the suburbia is evident in the scene where residences of the suburbia robotically leave their picture perfect houses with clean cut lawns to work.The dichotomies of light and dark lighting, the suburbia’s commitment in submitting to conformity provides a sense of uneasiness and a sinister atmosphere for the audience, because the audience is challenged to reason that the Suburbia is actually the damaged world, despite the eerie aura that Edward’s home project through its dark lightning and threatening appearance. Through Burton’s exploration of the damaged suburbia world, he has successfully fused gothic elements such as light and dark lighting complimented by gothic styled architecture and structures, in effectively creating the horror film, Edward Scissor hands (1990).Similarly in the film, Nightmare before Christmas (1993), Tim Burton also integrates dark lighting and unconventional style of architecture, in the gothic setting of Halloween to wn. Tim Burton aims to depict Halloween town as the damaged world by portraying its setting with harsh and direct lighting complimented with monochromatic tones. This is evident in the opening musical scene of the film, whereby the buildings and the residents of halloween town is depicted in various panning and establishing film shots.Burton also explores this damaged world through Halloween town’s set such as narrow based structures, mythical organic structures, elongated silhouettes, bone like trees, deep shadows and textured woods. This is evident in the scene, when protagonist Jack Skellington wanders aimlessly in the deserted forest, after the previous Halloween event celebration was finished. The dark and intense lighting implemented by the unusual geometrical structures and architecture of Halloween town fabricates an unnatural, creepy and an uneasy atmosphere amongst the audience.The effect on the audience perspicuously demonstrates the expected reaction based on the standards of horror films. Therefore through Tim Burton’s employment of the gothic elements such as dark lighting and gothic styled architecture, Burton successfully explores Halloween town as the damaged world, thus fabricating an effective horror film. In the film, Sleepy hollow (1999), Tim Burton also integrates various Gothic elements such as Dark lighting and Gothic styled architecture, to emphasize the damaged world of Sleepy Hollow, in efforts to achieve a successful horror film.Tim Burton continuously present the town of Sleepy Hollow under monochromatic tones and shadows, under the principal influence of film noire, a style that highlights the macabre and haunted aura of Sleepy Hollow, through an abundant use of black and white tones with splashes of red. Burton also uses sets in the film that feature dense forests of skeletal trees, rotting and gothic styled houses with prominent exaggeration of key landmarks such as the detail and seemingly animate structure of the ‘Tree of the Dead’. This is evident in the scene whereby, Ichabod Crane with his fellow associates KatrinaVangareth and Young Jonathan Masbeth, come in contact with the ‘Tree of the Dead’, within the haunted â€Å"Western Woods†. In attempts to discover what lies inside the ‘Tree of the Dead’, Ichabod Crane is forced to cut his way through its wooden flesh while fighting to repel the showering red blood, only to see a collection of rotting and blood-soaked heads (from the victims). Burton’s emphasis on the film noire style with splashes of blood-red colours and the gothic styled and animate architectures of Sleepy Hollow, play a significant part in creating a morbid and terrifying character of the damaged world of Sleepy Hollow.Through the incorporation of gothic elements such as dark lighting and film noire implemented by gothic styled architecture, Burton successfully explores Sleepy Hollow as a damaged world and thus effectively create the horror film,Sleepy H ollow (1999). Tim Burton successfully uses gothic elements in creating the horror film, Edward Scissor Hands (1990), through the interpretation of Edward as the flawed hero.Burton delineates Edward as the flawed hero through his physical abnormality and structure considering that he has hands for scissors and that he is an imitation of life considering that he was constructed by a creator not by the normal cycle of human birth. The audience can recall that Edward’s perception of what is good and bad is seemingly altered or underdeveloped since his creator a. k. a. father died without teaching him the extensions of social etiquette and laws including his unfinished hands.Burton emphasizes Edward’s incomplete hands as it plays an important role in allowing the audience to understand Edward’s flaws and limitations to experience the normalities of being a human being which include interactions such as merely shaking hands or to touch another. An example of this is evident in the key scene whereby Edward is questioned by Kim to hold her, however realizing his physical constraints, Edward replies melancholy, â€Å"I can’t†. Burton also includes a key scene that highlights the flaws of Edward’s knowledge beyond than that of his naiveness and basic desire for goodness.This feature scene highlights how Edward is questioned by Kim’s father during Dinner after being arrested for trespassing Jim’s home. Kim’s father motions Edward to answer a simple question of wether to give a lost brief case full of money to the police or use the lost money to buy gifts for their loved ones, however Edward fails to answer correctly, quoting that it should be â€Å"be given to my loved ones†. This demonstrates that his isolation within the confines of his outlying manor/home on the hill has greatly effected his knowledge of lawful conduct within a law-abiding world that does not accept him, understand him nor want him.Edward’s physical constraints and flaws within his knowledge of social etiquette/manner and lawful conduct vividly provides the audience that Edward clearly has imperfections as a hero and thus this response creates an emphatic yet supernatural atmosphere amongst the audience towards Edward. Overall, through the interpretation of Edward as the Flawed Hero, Tim Burton has successfully used Gothic elements to create the horror component in the film, Edward Scissor Hands (1990).Tim Burton successfully uses Gothic elements in creating the horror film, Nightmare before Christmas (1993), through the interpretation of Jack Skellington as the flawed hero. Tim Burton explores the flaws of Jack Skellington a. k. a the Pumpkin King considered as the king of Halloween Town, through presenting his true feelings of boredom from the repeated and monotonous arrangement of the Halloween event, his desire to break free from Halloween Town’s conformity and to expand his vision and boundaries of how Halloween should be executed.Burton puts great emphasis on Jack’s flaws through key musical scenes such as when Jack fails to celebrate joyfully after the previous Halloween event, whereby he wanders melancholy in the cemetery towards the woods in search of better and unconventional entertainment as well as Jack’s utter amusement in his contact with Christmas Land. The audience is challenged in reasoning what jack fails to continue and submit towards the expectations of being the traditional hero, which is one whom does not let his/her inner feelings disrupt the vision of what must always be done.In this case Jack fails to continue his role as the Pumpkin King to rule the traditional ways of Halloween Town. Through the portrayal of Jack Skellington as the flawed hero, Tim Burton successfully combines this gothic element in the film, Nightmare before Christmas (1993), thus creating effectively a horror film. In the film, Sleepy Hollow (1999), Tim Burton successfully employs Gothic elements in creating a horror film, through the interpretation of Ichabod Crane as the flawed hero.Burton portrays Ichabod Crane as a mysterious man whom does not submit within the social and scientific field, given that he is not taken into consideration regarding his field as being an inventor and mortician. Ichabod is depicted as a flawed hero due to that he has a disturbed past and unorthodox approach of manner in responding towards his work and associates. This is mainly due to the fact that Ichabod has been orphaned since the persecution of his mother accused of being a witch, which explains his obsession of the truth and his association with the spiritual and supernatural realms.This is achieved through Burton’s incorporation of key scenes such as the recurrent flashbacks in the form of Ichabod’s nightmare’s, depicting his childhood interactions with his mother and also his witnessing of his mother’s gruesome death by merciless torture and also his unconventional manners as a man who faints in the sight of blood. This challenges the audience’s expectations of what a hero should qualify as being socially acceptable and independently aware to courageously face his fears regardless of their past influences.However Ichabod Crane is opposite to these e xpectations, which plays a significant role in creating a disturbed and uncanny feel amongst the audience and are forced to realize that this film qualify to the standards of a horror films. Through Tim Burton’s portrayal of Ichabod Crane as the flawed hero, he successfully integrates gothic elements within Ichabod’s character, in effectively producing a Horror component in the film,Sleepy Hollow (1999).In the film, Edward Scissor Hands (1990), Tim Burton employs gothic elements to achieve a sense of dread and terror, such as music and motif, costume, dialogue complimented by omens and supernaturals, which effectively creates a horror film. Burton incorporates dreamlike and ethereal music evident in the scenes where Edward is free to express his emotions such as when edward sculpts the angel from pure ice. Busy and fast-phased music parallels the fast-like mainstream of the suburbia society. It allows the audience to experience the true atmosphere which is one of perjury, social ignorance and influences of rumors.This attributes greatly in shaping the damaged world of the Suburbia, thus creating the sense of dread and terror for the audience. Burton also implements this through Edwards costume, motif, omens and supernatural elements. The dominant idea within this Movie’s setting is the portrayal of Edward’s hands as razor-sharped scissors. It serves as a constant reminder to the audience of what Edward’s hand symbolize to be the drawback of having an artificial life which include the limitations in interacting with people even those he loves. Edward is the presence of the supernatural since Edward’s jet-black body suit that is fabricated with hand-sewn patches and supportive belts portrays the physical character of Edward as a creation designed and made by man to imitate life. Burton also utilizes a style of dialogue that is concise and reservedness evident in Edward’s speech phase,which emphasizes the kind, shy and honest nature of Edward. It also indicated his awkwardness with socially interacting with people and also emphasizes the underdeveloped yet good natured knowledge of Edward.Through these gothic elements the audience is able to experience the mysterious and awkwardness nature of Edward, in contrast to the defective nature of the suburbia. In employing these various gothic elements, Tim Burton successfully fabricates the horror component in the film, Edward Scissor Hands(1990). Tim Burton utilizes gothic elements in the film, Nightmare before Christmas (1993), to achieve a sense of dread and terror , among which include music and motifs, costume, dialogue with fragments of omens and supernatural elements, designed to create an effective horror film.Their are constant musicals performed by a particular character such as Jack Skellington, Sally, Oggie Boogie Man which Burton uses to emphasize what the characters are feeling the strongest and also their personality. Such as in the scene whereby Jack sings a melancholy song in a cemetery expressing his failure in Christmas. Another example includes Sally’s wishful song expressing for her yearning feelings for Jack.An example of fast phased, rhythmic and casino like themed music emphasizes Oggie boogie’s nature of being a gambler and also highlights his dangerous and mischievous nature in gambling the victim’s lives he will consume. Burton also incorporates motifs omens and supernatural elements. The dominant idea within this film’s setting is the existence of the Seasonal Events such as Halloween and Christmas emphasized though the 5 seasonal portal doors inside the woods which is a portal to it’s seasonal event town such as Halloween Town and Christmas Town.Other examples include the appearance of supernatural beings such as the residences of Halloween Town such as Jack being a skeleton, Sally a frankenstein creation, vampire and zombie residents etc. , which is bizarre and otherworldly. Burton also utilizes costume that is primarily characterized to suit the nature and status of a character, such as Jack wears a jet-black and bizarre tuxedo which ultimately allows himself to be characterized as a Halloween citizen. However Santa Claus wears the traditional Christmas costume which indicates that he is a citizen of the Halloween Town.These categorical style of costumes enables the audience to understand what each character plays a part in the story, which also contributes to the sense of eeriness and creepiness. The Dialogue has a fusion of jargon, colloquialism as well as formal language that sustains the intended atmosphere such as during the scene when Sally rummages through her potions of â€Å"Frogs Breath† and â€Å"Worms squirt† to poison her creator’s soup. The use of jargon sustains an eerie, bizarre and a sense of dread and terrorizing atmosphere for the audience.Tim Burton’s fusion of gothic elements, enable him to create a sens e of dread and terror amongst the audience, therefore effectively creating a the horror film, Edward Scissor Hands (1990). In the film, Sleepy Hollow (1999), Tim Burton creates a sense of dread and terror, which effectively fabricates a horror film, through the various gothic elements within the movie such as music and motifs, costume, dialogue complimented by the influence of omens and supernatural elements. Tim Burton utilizes dreamlike and ethereal theme of music evident during the scenes of Ichabod’s past childhood memories through nightmares and also when the town elders lie murdered in the church with Katrina unconscious, after Baltus Van tassel was killed by the Headless Horseman. The repetition of ethereal themed music indicates the presence of a supernatural elements such as witch craft in Ichabod’s dream and the murderous bidding of the headless horseman in the church.The dominant idea within this Movie’s setting is the consecutive appearance of the decapitated head of the victims, murdered by the Headless Horseman. The consistent appearance of the head, signifies the presence of the headless horseman and thus the continuity of the fear and complications kept alive by the residents of Sleepy Hollow. Burton also uses 18th century styled clothing to explore the modern world in contrast with the traditional and ancient supernatural world full of witches, legend s and auntings, which in turn implements to the film’s sense of dread and terror. This is also paralleled with Burton’s use of formal and expressive style of dialogue, which effectively sustains the seriousness of the situation, that also emanates a suspenseful and mysterious phase to the story/ film. Last but not least burton incorporates omens and supernatural elements such as the fact the Sleepy Hollow is a damaged world influenced by ancient witch craft both good and evil, the presence of legendary and hellbound avengers which is the headless horseman. Supernatural elements also includes the inclusion of witches in state of possession as well as Ichabod Crane’s influence within the spiritual and supernatural realms. All of these gothic elements play an essential factor in maintaing a suspenseful and sinister atmosphere for the audience. Through Burton’s incorporation of these gothic elements, he has successfully created a sense of dread and terror , thus effectively creating the horror film, Sleepy Hollow (1999).Tim Burton is a successful auteur of gothic films, a sub genre of horror. He has a easily identifiable style that creates dread and terror in the hearts of his audience. He repeats his repeated use of gothic elements such as the dark and eerie setting in the films Edward Scissor Hands (1990), Nightmare before Christmas (1993) and Sleepy Hollow (1999), are created through the use of elongated shadows, harsh lighting, stylized gothic sets and foreboding musical motifs.His flawed protagonists are consistently iso lated from those they seek to be accepted by. Edward Scissor hands through his physical deformity, Jack Skellington through his loneliness and boredom and Ichabod Crane through his association with the Supernatural realms, lack of social etiquette and also his avante-garde experimental ways of thinking. Through these skillfully combined gothic elements, suspenseful and horror films are produced.

US imperialism essays

US imperialism essays Under the Monroe Doctrine of 1823 the United States had policed the hemisphere, in theory to preserve the independence of its nations from European covetousness, in reality to protect America ¡Ã‚ ¯s own interests. This often involved military intervention, especially in Central America and the Caribbean. The Monroe Doctrine was based on the reasoning that the Caribbean was America ¡Ã‚ ¯s  ¡inland sea ¡Ã‚ ¯ and part of the economic structure. In Cuba, which America had liberated Spain, the US right of intervention was actually written into the Cuban constitution, through the so-called  ¡Platt Amendment ¡Ã‚ ¯. The reason behind the American imperial upsurge is mainly an economic issue: coincided with recovery from the Civil War, the U.S. started to expand in late 19th century. However, the American expansion into Latin America can also be attributed to nationalistic causes that go beyond the economic spectrum. Thus, U.S. expansion into Latin America was a result of U.S. eco nomic expansion and rising nationalism. American policy toward Latin America has changed over time to accommodate burgeoning American economic activities in the region.(1) During the early years of the nineteenth century, U.S. commerce with its southern neighbors demanded little more than policing the Caribbean for marauding pirates. As the United States grew into a commercial, industrial, and, eventually, financial power, its foreign policy broadened in scope.(2) The hunt for new markets brought it into competition with European nations, especially Great Britain. As a result, it became one of the major aims of American policy to check the further penetration of European commerce and capital into Latin America. By the turn of the century, Latin America had become not only a substantial market for American products but an important source of raw materials and a major area for capital investment as well. Having recently built a powerful navy, the United Sta...

Boardman Management Analysis and PRF Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Boardman Management Analysis and PRF - Essay Example ion has been made, the introduction of communication technology has to be viewed as an occasion in the life of an organization that affects the processing of information by knowledge workers. With the implementation of new processing systems, an external parameter has been introduced within the organization that changes the creation and manipulation of information. The fundamental question arising is concerned with the relationship between this external parameter and the agents – knowledge workers – of the organization. Boardman Management should take into account its current system and future goals connected with business expansion and future development. As new technology is introduced, knowledge workers have to make media choices that translate into alternative ways of processing information. These media choices are made in the context of having to achieve an expected level of individual performance. In these circumstances, knowledge workers appropriate the technology according to their needs and given organizational norms. Although top management may have a specific output in mind, the invested new software technology is adopted by organizational members who make the eventual decision regarding the use of the technology. The underlying idea is that new software technology is created and changed by human action, yet it is also used by people to accomplish organizational aims. Knowledge workers may, for example, decide to use group support systems for the purpose of generating ideas, yet refuse t o use these for overcoming conflicts (Laudon and Laudon 2005). Boardman Management should take into account current problems and skills deficiencies, routine work and complexity of organizational structure. This means that workers are limited in their full range of media choices. Furthermore, political processes within organizations demand the negotiation of appropriate media choices. These negotiation processes adhere to established social patterns that have

Case Study of Pepsico-2009 Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Of Pepsico-2009 - Case Study Example The two key threats facing Pepsico may be seen as the considerable level of competition from key players in the market such as Coca-Cola and Kraft who both have large resources and capabilities to compete. In addition, the continuing economic downturn may be seen as a key threat to the company. Pepsico’s key weakness may be seen as one related to the company’s cost management system. While the company is financially strong, it has struggled to maintain costs proportionate to sales growth. Market Focus – In the first instance Pepsico should continue and accelerate a policy of expanding its core product range into new markets were there is considerable potential for sales growth. Such markets include China, the Middle East and Africa. Product Portfolio Analysis – It has become clear that there has been a large change in demand on the behalf of consumers in the US and Europe with declining sales in traditional carbonated drinks and rise in demand for healthier options. As such, in these geographic areas Pepsico should focus energies into developing and marketing a range of alternatives to the tradito9nal carbonated drink and develop a clear healthy brand. Cost Reductions – While the company is considerably profitable and has a strong balance sheet, costs have been rising disproportionately to sales growth. As such, Pepsico should embark on planed cost efficiency drive to help being expenses back into line with sales growth and maintain profit margins. The rational for undertaking the recommended action plan is based upon the consideration of a number of key factors. Changes to the product mix in the US and Europe are designed to take account of changes in consumer demands for healthier products. On the other hand, key opportunities exist for large scale expansion in markets such as China where there is

Challenging Current Boundaries & Perceptions of Emergency Care Essay

Challenging Current Boundaries & Perceptions of Emergency Care - Essay Example The researcher of this proofreading analyzes the article, that discusses on the implications that shift work, particularly night work, has on nursing and the well being of individuals as well as patient care. It gives practical advice about how to cope with night shifts and also gives suggestions on the ways of improving health and well being. All of these could be examined and proven as to how it could be implemented in an emergency care setting. However, they do not detail the ways to cope with the turnaround from nights to days, the legal requirements in relation to the above, the health and safety issues associated with shift work and with nurse’s health. In addition, it is stated that patients safety has been poorly explored. They have also failed to investigate the effectiveness of set shift patterns whether they are permanent night staff or set pattern of rotation. While the article title could mislead one to believe that it deals with both night and day shifts, the art icle, however, is centred on night shift work only. Shift work is defined as a period of work performed outside the normal spread of working hours, particularly in a factory or business that operates on a 24 hour basis. Nurses, in general, are expected to work a period of night duty and be able to demonstrate an understanding of patient experiences of health care 24hours a day and seven days a week, but there is contradiction with this, that was analyzed in Challenging Current Boundaries & Perceptions of Emergency Care paper in detail.

Pakistan Aircraft Carrier Program

Pakistan Aircraft Carrier Program The purpose of this project is to strengthen the capability of Pakistan navy. The strategic management of Pakistan navy has assessed the strength while observing the increasing strength of our foe. To fight an effective warfare the co-ordination of naval aviation with surface and sub surface forces possess prime importance. It is prime responsibility of naval force to protect the sea lines of communication during war scenario. While considering all defensive and offensive capabilities in different situations the decision has been taken by ministry of defense to induct the aircraft carrier in Pakistan navy. The order have been passed to start the construction of carrier and construction should be as early as possible while using own available resources. The aircraft career should able to carry 15 JF-17 thunders, 12 Z-9EC and 7 seeking at a time. The carrier must have anti missile system, torpedo counter measures, anti gun system, communication equipment with surface sub surface and aviation forces. 1.1 Collect requirements Requirement documentation While considering project charter and stockholder register we use different sort of techniques such as prototypes, observation, interviews, decision making techniques etc we have documented different types of requirements which are  as follows: functional requirements The functional requirements of our project are as follows Lab tested material should use throughout the construction Fire fighting system for all kinds of fire: Length 320 m Beam 80 m Draught 25 m 10 no of engines All machinery from German olam company Carrier should carry 15 missile with range of missile 300 miles 17 anti missile with range of missile 100 miles 14 torpedo and 20 counter measure with range of missile 60 miles 1500 tons fuel capacity 4 navigational radars with range from 10 to 150 miles 4 fire control radars range from 10 to 300 miles 3 sonar range of 200 miles Surface, sub surface and above surface communication equipments NON FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENTS The non functional requirements are as follows 5 engine should be 7000 hp Other 5 engines should be 5000 hp Fire fighting system on ammunition locker and machinery compartments should be automatic Fire fighting system on living space and galley should be manual Fire control radar should be capable to track the stealth objects Navigational radar should operate on 7 different modes ESM should operate in 8 different modes All missile should be active 7 torpedo should be homing 8 torpedo should be guided 1.2 REQUIREMENTS MANAGEMENT PLAN Our purpose is to construct a well equipped and operational aircraft carrier for defensive and offensive actions, to achieve expected performance the basic requirements which we consider are as follows: Good quality material Good auxiliaries Effective weapons Effective sensors Effective radars Aviation facilities Effective fire fighting equipments Effective countermeasures To ensure a good material for construction we should consult with a construction company whose credibility is up to our standards and which have the modern equipment for testing materials. To ensure good supply of electricity we must concern suitable electrical company which must have done this kind of job before and are familiar with their performance. As for auxiliaries concerns we will contact to German Olympus Company because it is reliable company and has been examined many of time before. To ensure the effectiveness of weapons on board ship we will test their capability from any other platform, after completing the testing of all weapon we will let the company for weapon fittings, also after fitting we will once again test the weapons. We will follow same procedure for sensors and radars as well, first checking from others platforms after satisfaction from the capabilities and effectiveness we will allow their fitting. Since the primary purpose of aircraft carrier is to provide air assistance to the surface force, so we must be vigilant about aviation facilities, which include securing facility, fuel facility, platform for maintainers etc. Fire is considered to be the dangerous agent especially on board ships , we will provide effective firefighting equipment for every compartment. And also we ensure the first aid and minor operation facilities in case of emergency. Above mentioned are distinct from each other so maintain and track each requirement we need different which ensure the required effectiveness of their particular task. 2 DEFINE SCOPE 2.1 PROJECT SCOPE STATEMENT Our aim is to build an operational well equipped warship with all aviation facilities (AIRCRAFT CARRIER) . We can achieve it by fulfilling all requirements which facilitate us to accomplish our task effectively. The aircraft career should able to carry 15 JF-17 thunders, 12 Z-9EC and 7 seeking at a time. We will create a platform which will be able to carry our required aircraft with different securing position for each aircraft. The maintenance places should be different according to their type. The carrier must have anti missile system. We will fit 17 anti missiles. The position of anti missile should be different, 5 anti missile on fox,l 5 on quarterdeck, 3 on stbd and 4 on port. The range of each missile should not be less than 100 miles. Torpedo counter measures We will be having 20 torpedo counter measures on different position. the range should not be less than 60 miles. Communication equipment with surface sub surface and aviation forces Role of communication cannot be neglected to fight an effective warfare. We will be having 5 different setups of communication equipment of different companies to communicate with surface, sub surface and air forces. 10 engines We will have total 10 no of engines from German Olympus company among these 5 engines will be of 5000 hp and 5 of 7000 hp. Missile system Carrier will possesses total 17 missiles on different locations. 10 missile should be guided And 7 missiles should be passive. The range of each missile should not be less than 300 miles. Radar system We should have different no of radars for navigational and fire control purpose. We should have 4 navigational radars and 4 fire control radars. Sonar system We will be having 3 sonar on different locations . the range of each sonar should not be less than 200 miles. Firefighting system PROJECT DOCUMENTS UPDATE We will conduct the trials of all equipment and weapons on yearly basis and by reviewing these trials we will make necessary updates by getting information from higher authorities. We will maintain a stack holder register which can be helpful for further progress/improvements. 2.2.1 STAKEHOLDERS REGISTER: STAKE HOLDER REASON French company He will be interested in profit and his publicity so he can affect the project. Chinese company . He will be interested in profit and his publicity so he can affect the project. NHQ Main sponsor will be given by. Please change the project to one you can manage as a project manager.

Comparing Carbon Footprint of Reusable Nalgene Water Bottles to Single

One of the greatest problems facing humanity is global climate change. Global climate change is the increase in average global temperature, caused by an increase in greenhouse gases. Greenhouse gases are the blanket of gases surrounding the earth that allow the world to be inhabitable. This layer of water vapor, carbon dioxide, methane, and other gases works in the same way that a greenhouse does, by trapping heat energy inside the atmosphere. Unfortunately, since the Industrial Revolution, people have released more of these gases into the atmosphere, thickening the blanketing layer. This thicker layer traps more heat, leading to dramatic changes in the earth's climate. In order to reduce to potential climate change, the amount of greenhouse gases being released need to be reduced. One starting point to reducing the amount of greenhouse gases that you release is to find your carbon footprint. The carbon footprint is the total amount of greenhouse gases that is emitted over the full life of a process. Although it is called the carbon footprint, it is a measure of the total greenhouse gases released, converted to the equivalent amount of CO2. This number is not completely accurate, but it is a good estimate of the amount of CO2 released into the atmosphere through our activities. Once you have found your personal carbon footprint, you can begin to work to reduce it. One way to reduce your carbon footprint is to look closely at each product you use, and find a more carbon efficient version. This paper can help you with that. In this paper, you will find a comparison of the carbon footprint o... ...s&oldid=228960982 Pacific Institute (2008). Bottled Water and Energy: A Fact Sheet. Retrieved July 31, 2008, Web site: http://www.pacinst.org/topics/water_and_sustainability/bottled_water/bottled_water_and_energy.html Pimental, David & Marcia. "Energy use in food processing for nutrition and development." Retrieved July 31, 2008, from http://www.unu.edu/unupress/food/8f072e/8f072e06.htm Neustaedter, Randall (7/18/2004). Plastic Water Bottles. Retrieved July 31, 2008, from Holistic Pediatric Association Web site: http://www.hpakids.org/holistic-health/articles/108/1/Plastic-Water-Bottles Images http://jamaicaplainforum.org/wp-content/uploads/2008/02/low-carbon-diet-earth.jpg http://archives.zinester.com/13183/128920/202817_global-warming%20(Small).jpg http://www.martin-waugh.com/wp-content/uploads/2007/08/water-drop-1b.jpg http://www.nalgene.com

My First Helicopter Ride

As I stood gazing at the monstrous contraption, I shivered as though ice had replaced my spine. The cold air that blew into my face engulfed my entire body. The multiple layers of clothing could not protect me against the swish of frosty air. The walkway leading up to the helipad was newly paved; I could still feel the soles of my shoes sink into the cement just a little as I walked up the path. It’s ironic how my heart did the exact same thing. It now felt like it was forcibly pressing against my lungs as I struggled to breathe; asphyxiated by terror. Weeds, dandelions and wild flowers were being blown helplessly about by the gargantuan blades. I knew how they felt. I was a small 7 year-old and this helicopter made me feel like a bug on a windscreen, hanging on for dear life. My mother must have been squeezing my hand too hard because I yanked it away from her as the pain finally registered in my central nervous system; I looked down at my hand just in time to see the blood rush back down my veins. Red roses grew wildly in thick batches by the entrance to the show grounds; the place where I was going to have one of the most memorable experiences of my life. The moonlight cast a ghoulish glow on the surrounding landscape, and the screeching of nearby cars pulling away to the highway made me realize how alone our family was; after all, we were the last people to go in the helicopter that day. The big metal structure shone a bright white under the moonlight, and the splotches of rusted metal hinted at the machines maturity, which wasn’t comforting at all. The spinning of the blades was deafening as we hurried towards the little â€Å"hobbit† door to enter the craft. The first thing I felt when I was hauled up into the craft was the constriction of my pupils, and then my eyelids wired shut. It was very bright in there. As soon as I regained visibility, I looked around and saw all these lights that were sourced by many buttons, switches and levers. The dashboard smelt of black coffee and cigarettes, and the floor of the helicopter was littered with cigarette-buds. I turned my head to look at my mother. I could see that somebody had made an attempt to scrub out a vomit stain on her seat. The earthy colours were at sharp contrast with the charcoal seats, and a thin layer of bleach had been used to try and remove it; like a criminal trying to remove blood splatter at a crime scene. Was it an omen, perhaps? My mother reached over and tightened my seatbelt, uncomfortably tight. However, with the sounds from the pilot’s radio headset combined with the humming and buzzing of all the small machines in the chopper, I was too frightened to care about the seat belt. All that was going through my mind was how my life was now in the hands of rows upon rows of illuminated buttons and do-hickeys. It was probably two minutes after buckling up that the craft began its slow ascent into the cold and seemingly insidious night. I could feel all my organs getting pulled down by gravity. In that moment, I became completely oblivious to the sound of the rotation of the massive blades above me, and only heard the ‘’lob-dup’’ of my heart. The light had been so bright as to temporarily blind me. The warmth of my mother’s reassuring smile contrasted the coldness of the night outside. As I peered through the window, I could see my father and little brother about to board the second helicopter. Their clothing was fighting violently against their bodies as the wind from the rotors blew over their heads. Slowly they started for the craft, with their mouths covered, as if walking into a big sandstorm. I could see them take very short, reluctant steps towards the door of their helicopter; as though they were trying to delay the jaw-dropping experience that was to follow. We started rising and rising until I caught a glimpse of the starry cosmos, and at that very moment, I was lost in my very first helicopter ride.

Essay on Cell Phones

Essay on Cell Phones Essay on Cell Phones This is a free example essay on Cell Phones: When I was born, in the mid 80`s, cellular telephones were just becoming popular as a wireless way of communication. But the concept caught on rapidly and people were subscribing left and right for cellular phone service. As I was growing up I began to notice more and more people around me beginning to use these new marvels of technology. I was in a state of awe about how these contraptions, which at the time were not so little; some of them so large as to have to be carried in a bag and some the size of some of the biggest house phones today, really functioned. I was in disbelief about just how you could actually take a telephone with you wherever you go and be able to talk to people on it whenever you wanted. When I was about six or seven I felt as if I was going to go crazy if someone in my family did not own one of these new contraptions, when finally the day came. I had taken a trip to Huntsville with my mom and my sister to go shopping one afternoon, we were starting to finish up our adventurous day of shopping when all of the sudden my mom walked into the Bellsouth Wireless store. My eyes glowed with excitement as we walked in. Finally, after what seemed like days of talking with salesmen about different calling plans and such, we had our very own cellular phone. When we got to the car, I frantically begged to look at the phone and all of its wonder. On the trip back to Decatur, I pressed the buttons on the phone, listened to funny sounds that it made, and sat in glee holding the mobile piece of technology. Finally the time came and my mom made the first call on it, calling back to my house telling my father the wonderful news of the new gadget, and after asking until I couldn`t ask anymore I finally got to talk on it and enjoy its wonder. Since then, over the past years, my parents have had many new phones of all shapes and sizes and colors. Over the years phones have gotten smaller, more compact and convenient and better technologically to suit our eve ryday lives. Some cellular phones are now as small as business cards, some phones being a brilliant light show of blinking, spinning, flashing L.E.D lights, and some phones basically being a little P.C. that fits into your pocket. Unfathomable amounts of time, money, and research going into these little devices of communication just to try and make our lives a little bit easier. People spending their lives making all of the electronics and technology going into these devices being made smaller and faster and better. All of this work goes into these little telephones making communication more convenient for us in our day to day lives. Work going into these telephones making it possible for us to call home, or work, across the nation, or around the world all while we are driving somewhere or walking down the street. In this day and age every man, woman, and child you see on the street is carrying one of these devices glued to their head. I have to admit that I am probably one of those people that you would see. Receiving my very own cellular phone shortly after I turned 16, I had the same excitement as I did when I was a child coming in contact with a cellular phone for the first time. That first cellular phone now sits at the top of a closet in a box along with other past cellular phones in various drawers and boxes collecting dust as the technology moves on and better things come along, all taken for granted. ______________ is a professional essay writing service which can provide high school, college and university students with 100% original custom written essays, research papers, term papers, dissertations, courseworks, homeworks, book reviews, book reports, lab reports, projects, presentations and other assignments of top quality. More than 700 professional Ph.D. and Master’s academic writers. Feel free to order a custom written essay on Cell Phones from our professional essay writing service.

The eNotes Blog Seven Wonderful Christmas Stories Listen, Love,Remember

Seven Wonderful Christmas Stories Listen, Love,Remember Looking for some great Christmas stories to listen to as you cook or wrap gifts?   Here are some of the best, both modern and traditional, to make your holiday tasks fly by! The Santaland Diaries made humorist David Sedaris famous in 1997.  The story recounts the exploits of a 30-something under-employed author who finds a temporary job at Macys department store, working as an elf  in Santas Village.  I wear green, velvet knickers, a forest green velvet smock and a perky little hat decorated with spangles. This is my work uniform, the story begins. Sedaris is deservedly famous both for his humor and his keen insight into human behavior. A Christmas Memory by Truman Capote. Hear Capote himself  read this touching Christmas story as he remembers his childhood with his eccentric, child-like aunt, who made the young authors troubled childhood not only bearable but special.   The story invites us as ghostly guests to Imagine a morning in late November. A coming of winter morning more than twenty years ago. Consider the kitchen of a spreading old house in a country town. A great black stove is its main feature; but there is also a big round table and a fireplace with two rocking chairs placed in front of it. Just today the fireplace commenced its seasonal roar. Christmas Freud by David Rakoff. In 1996, New Yorks Barneys department store, famous for their elaborate and sometimes eccentric Christmas display windows, hired essayist David Rakoff to play Sigmund Freud to create a live performance art piece. Rakoff sat in the window. Various actors pretended to be his patients before a crowd of curious and often confused onlookers. Rakoff records his thoughts about his role in the farce as well as numerous funny, cynical observations about the crowd. A Christmas Carol by Charles Dickens. Listen to this classic tale read by Orson Welles in this 1938  version, recorded live  at the historic Mercury Theatre.  There is still time to mend your ways! The Little Match Girl by Hans Christian Andersen. Along with The Brothers Grimm, Hans Christian Andersen is responsible for recording in print a good number of the folktales with which most of us are familiar.  In this sentimental story, written in 1845, a poor child lives out her hopes and dreams in her imagination, even as her life slips away. Twas the Night Before Christmas by  Clement Clarke Moore. Who doesnt know  Clement Clarke Moores famous opening lines? Twas the night before Christmas, / And all through the house, / Not a creature was stirring, / Not even a mouse. Listen to the poem in its entirety as you bake with your kids or wrap up those last minute gifts once theyre in bed! John Henry Faulks Christmas Story. A traditional favorite on NPR, storyteller and musician John Henry Faulks recollections of the holidays in his native Texas have been a staple of holiday listening for fans since 1974.  The  tale begins with Faulk as an adult. He recalls: The day after Christmas a number of years ago, I was driving down a country road in Texas. And it was a bitter cold, cold morning. Walking ahead of me on the gravel road was a little bare-footed boy with non-descript ragged overalls and a makeshift sleeved sweater tied around his little ears. I stopped and picked him up. Looked like he was about 12 years old and his little feet were blue with the cold. He was carrying an orange. That orange, who gave this impoverished child so much joy, makes Faulk, and his listeners, re-evaluate their priorities during the hectic holiday season.

Controversy Analysis Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Controversy Analysis - Research Paper Example This is a contentious subject since it grants an individual user unrestricted freedom in terms of quantity and mode of marijuana usage. Arizona currently enjoys the license for medicinal purposes. It is arguable that legalization of marijuana for recreational purposes is feasible in Arizona. There are notable social costs of marijuana prohibition. For instance, FBI reports indicate that 658, 000 arrests, in 2012, occurred due to marijuana use as compared to 256, 000 for heroine and related drugs (The New York Times 1). This is coupled with a jammed judicial system that cannot manage the many cases reported daily. In addition, jailing of marijuana users impose huge costs on state governments. Many reports indicate that such arrests are racially inclined as they fall disproportionately on the black and Latino population. A social crisis sets in such populations as young people spend their productive time in jails. This limits their chances at later economic success thereby creating a generation of low-income earners. Scientists have uncovered mild problems with marijuana in terms of addiction and dependence thereby proving as less harmful as alcohol. In addition, research has found out that there is limited correlation between violent crime and marijuana usage. This is un like the popular opinion that marijuana usage increases the risk of harmful activities such as marriage violence (Costa 1). It is crucial to underscore the fact that marijuana usage is common in the American states in spite of the typical government detestation of the drug. The animosity towards cannabis sativa has always existed alongside its common use in the US. For instance, the glorification of marijuana in American music videos attests to the fact that in spite of an abhorrent government, marijuana usage remains a common feature of the American landscape. Legalization of marijuana in

Barriers to the Growth of Electronic Marketing Essay

Barriers to the Growth of Electronic Marketing - Essay Example It has been able to exterminate the monopoly in goods an series which has been considered important for the growth of the electronic business. Though it has recorded growth in the recent past, there have been many barriers to the growth of the industry. There have been many issues with the conduction of the business over the internet and other electronic tools especially problems to do with mutual trust and privacy of the deals. Lack of security through the internet and other barriers have been a great block to the growth of the industry. This paper explores the barriers which have prevented the growth of the electronic marketing. In the first section the paper will explore the growth of electronic marking looking at the factors that have enabled the industry to make such great strides. This will give us an insight on how there have been compounding factors that have acted as barriers for the growth of the industry. The second section will look at the actual barriers to the growth of the industry and discuss them in details giving solutions to what could be done in order to minimize the barrier to the growth of the industry. The last section will be a general conclusion which will summarize all the details on the paper. The future of marketing has been defined. ... has been able to transform researches on marketing, products and services, and other information to the main street of the world and in a manner that they can be accessed by anyone in any parts of the world and at any time. The internet has been able to revolutionize the market the at the same time we have a luxury of watching events in the world as they unfold which has helped customers to access growth of marketing in all dimensions. There have been many criticism about the internet on the social front citing isolation and connection issues coupled with the political impacts that it has had on many governments but few have talked about the revolution that it has created on the economies of the world except the attention that has been paid on the stock market new that we receive over the internet. (Brown and Duguid 2002, p. 71) Since the 1990s when the internet was developed there has been tremendous growth in e-marking and a general growth of ecommerce. Companies have become open to the scrutiny of the whole world which has made it prerogative for the companies to open their operation and practice more ethics. But it is not only in the practicing of ethics in the corporation but also in the way the process of making business deals with these corporations that has been the main advantage of the internet to the consumers and to the corporations. There has been rising use of the internet as we clock to this decade and it seems to have become the centre of life of many people not only in America but also in the whole word. Recent researches shows that there have been a remarkable drop of about 8 percent on the number of hours that Americans have been spending watching TV and at the same time there have been increased number of house about 8 percent that they have

Features Of The Freshmen's Life In Colleges Essay

Features Of The Freshmen's Life In Colleges - Essay Example But although students in college are required to work hard so as to pass their exams, there are a lot of deviant behaviors in colleges, through which the students manage to score high grades without working hard for it. This paper looks at the general challenges faced by the freshmen in colleges. The information on the challenges faced by the freshmen in college is based on Reading My Freshman Year Chapter 6. The paper also includes the answer to interview questions on college life. And finally, the paper concludes with a paragraph that synthesizes the challenges of college life obtained from the Reading My Freshman Year Chapter 6, with the answers to the interview questions. In colleges, freshmen students indeed find themselves in a new environment, with a lot of challenges, and the students have to adapt to the challenges of the college life if they are to survive in college life and come out successfully, having achieved their goals. As we have stated in the introduction, there are diverse cultures and classes of people in colleges; student joins colleges from different cultures and social status. And when the student people from different cultural backgrounds and social status find themselves together, the students start to re-group based on one’s culture, social status, religion, believes or worldview. As it is clearly expressed in the Reading My Freshman Year chapter 6, â€Å"College Culture, like any culture, is neither singular nor monolithic†. One of the common cultures in USA colleges is the culture of students disrespecting their professors. This culture was developed by elite male students in the colleges who had a negative view towards education. One of the main challenges faced by freshmen student in colleges, therefore, is relating with their professors.

Rhetorical Devices and Literary Techniques Essay Example for Free

Rhetorical Devices and Literary Techniques Essay Rhetorical devices and literary techniques are closely related to tone and style. In fact, an author’s style partly consists of selecting and using certain devices; an author’s tone is partially determined by the type of techniques an author uses. Many SAT books will list lots of Greek terms you don’t need to know, such as synecdoche and anaphora. But the Critical Reading section won’t require that you know the names of rhetorical devices or literary techniques. Rather than bombard you with dozens of unfamiliar terms, we’ll categorize and clump the most common types of devices and techniques below and provide some examples and commentary. As we said, you won’t be specifically tested on these concepts, but they do lurk beneath the surface in the passages. Having a solid understanding of these devices and techniques will improve your ability to handle RPs. Focus on absorbing the similarities and differences between and among them. As you read through the list, note the one key feature all of these techniques and devices share: they allow words and sentences to carry more than only their literal meaning. Here is a list of the most important devices and techniques. We’ve included examples along with commentary on each one: Hyperbole I’m as hungry as a starving lion. Hyperbole is a synonym for exaggeration. Clearly, the speaker is not really as hungry as a starving lion. A hyperbole is just a figure of speech we use to emphasize a point. The opposite device is understatement: I’m a little tired is a purposeful understatement if the speaker has been up for 48 hours. Repetition Duty does not trump honesty. Duty does not trump common sense. And duty, my friends, does not trump morality. Repetition is the conscious and purposeful replication of words or phrases in order to make a point. In this example, it’s clear that the limits of duty are being sketched out. The speaker is trying to show that duty is not the only or even the most important virtue. Imagery and Figurative Language Simile Her eyes were like stars. Her eyes are literally human eyes. Figuratively, they are being compared to stars, meaning, most likely, that they are bright and shiny and cause wonderment. This is an example of a simile. Similes use like and as to make explicit comparisons between unlike things, such as eyes and stars. Metaphor Her eyes were pools of liquid light. Again, her eyes are literally human eyes. Figuratively, they are being compared to pools of liquid light. However, the comparison is implied, not stated. This is an example of a metaphor. Unlike similes, metaphors compare unlike things without explicitly stating the comparison with â€Å"like† or â€Å"as. † Personification Her eyes followed me up the stairs. Can eyes follow someone up the stairs? Not literally, but in this case an eye—which is not a person—is given a person’s abilities, namely, following someone else up the stairs. This is an example of personification. Symbolism Her eyes looked but did not see. All was dark. Literally speaking, eyes either see (healthy eyes) or they don’t see (blind eyes). An eye that looks but does not see is blind in a figurative sense. Very often, vision and light are symbols for understanding and enlightenment. In this example, the woman is most likely unaware of—or â€Å"in the dark†Ã¢â‚¬â€about something. This is an example of symbolism. Sound Patterns Her eyes were rippling pools of liquid light in which I splashed playfully. This metaphor also uses sound patterns to underscore its meaning. Note that the letters l and p repeat: rippling pools of liquid light†¦splashed playfully. The author may have repeated â€Å"l† and â€Å"p† sounds to evoke the sound of water (like in the word splash itself) or simply to link together the words that make up the metaphor—or both. There are many types of sound-pattern devices, each with its own difficult Greek name that you certainly won’t need to know. Rhetorical Questions Can poverty ever be eradicated? Rhetorical questions are not meant to be answered. A rhetorical question is used to present what’s taken to be an unanswerable question, such as these questions: Can a repeat offender ever be trusted not to commit another crime? Can a person ever have too much love? A rhetorical question can also be one in which the author’s answer is clearly intended to be â€Å"no† or â€Å"yes. † In these two examples, the author’s answer is clearly intended to be â€Å"no† (whether you agree with those answers or not). Idioms and Cliches That’ll cost you an arm and a leg. Idioms are inherited quirks of language that native speakers understand without question but which cause nonnative speakers endless trouble. Only a native speaker knows that if something costs an arm and a leg that means it’s expensive, not that you actually need to lose your limbs to purchase it. Many overused idioms and symbols are cliches, and cliches themselves can be used ironically (see irony below). Irony [Said to a mean boss]: â€Å"You’ve been so kind to me. † The SAT loves irony. A statement is ironic if it expresses something different from or opposite to the literal meaning of the words. This example is called verbal irony or sarcasm, which can be thought of as â€Å"heavy-handed irony†: The overuse of antibiotics has led to the rise of resistant strains of many diseases. A statement or situation can be ironic or paradoxical when the words accurately report events that seem to be contradictory but which have actually occurred, as in this example: A soldier has returned from a war. He crashes his motorcycle and dies. His war experiences are told in flashback. Whenever he thinks about death, a motorcycle drives by. A specific literary use of irony is called dramatic irony. In the example above, the audience knows that the soldier will die in a motorcycle crash. The soldier himself, of course, doesn’t know how he will die. (A flashback, by the way, is another literary device made popular by the movies. Flashbacks jump back in the story’s chronology to give background information. For example, the opening scene of the film Lord of the Rings: Return of the King shows Gollum before he found the ring. ) Foreshadowing A soldier goes to war. He survives many brutal battles, just barely missing being killed several times. The soldier becomes obsessed with his â€Å"good luck†Ã¢â‚¬â€why does he survive when so many others die? Every time the soldier has a brush with death, the author makes some subtle mention of a black motorcycle. Eventually, the soldier’s best friend is killed in a motorcycle crash the day after the war has ended. The soldier himself comes home and not too long afterward, he dies by crashing his motorcycle. In this example, the audience and character are equally ignorant about the outcome of the story. However, by using foreshadowing, the author begins to clue in his audience. The character’s fate is slowly revealed to the audience but not necessarily to the character himself. Note that the ending to this story is doubly ironic—was the soldier â€Å"meant† to die in a motorcycle crash or did he bring it about through his own guilt about surviving while others perished? The theme of free will versus predetermination underlies this little story. Motif The motorcycle in the last two examples. A motif is a symbol that is carried through an entire work of fiction. The motorcycle symbolized death throughout both stories. In the Lord of the Rings, the One Ring is a motif for the corrupting nature of power. Now that you have all these concepts under your belt, it’s time to learn the most efficient way to use your knowledge on testlike items and sets.

A History of Rome and Julius Caesar

A History of Rome and Julius Caesar Report Plan Introduce: Caesar Battle at Alesia Gallia/Europe Report Important Caesar to Rome o Caesars army Vercingetorix o Tribe/prince Gaul history The siege at Alesia and army strategy The Gaul attack Picture of army attack strategy Final battle Map Conclusion New territory of Rome Culture change in Europe Pacere svbjectis, debellare svperbos To show mercy to the conquered and subdue the proud (Aeneid 6.847-853- Virgil.) 1. Introduction This report deals with the historical events that happened during the time of the Roman Consul Caius Julius Caesar (Caesar). It will first look at the important battle at a town called Alesia. It will then describe the battle that took place under the command of Caesar and his opponent Vercingetorix. It will describe some of the unique military strategy used. Finally some conclusions will be drawn about how this historical event had influenced how Europe looks today. 2. Methodology Information in this report is taken from both books and from three websites. The websites were found using Google searches. Websites were checked to guarantee the information was reliable. Books 1. Title: De Bellum Gallicum (in English it is called Commentaries on the Gallic War) It is a collection of 7 books written by Caius Julius Caesar, Roman General, politician and author (12 Jul. 100 BC, 15 Mar. 44 BC). There is an additional one, number 8, written by Aulus Hirtius, soldier, historian, Roman Consul (90 BC 43 BC). Websites Livius.org Livius is a website on ancient history written and maintained since 1996 by the Dutch historian Jona Lendering. It started on a different URL; the present one has been in use since 2000. The website is not for profit; with a couple of exceptions that have been indicated, you can use every photo and text, provided that you refer back to Livius and do not make profit either. Arsbellica.it ArsBellica is an Italian website, also translated in English to permit foreign students to draw from these precious studies, it belongs to Marco and Luca Maurino. These authors document historys battles for their own website and they collaborate with few of the most important universities in Italy. ThoughtCo.com Is a famous international website owned by Neil Vogel. The website debates about several topics like politics, history, maths, religion, sports and much more. It is run by a staff of experts who give the chance to freelance writers to send in their own articles, and after a meticulous review, these articles can be published. 3. The two Generals: Caius Julius Caesar ( July 12/13, 100 B.C. March 15, 44 B.C.) Was one of the most important men of all time. He was known as a brilliant military General, and he took part to form the first triumvirate. The first triumvirate was a political alliance between three consuls in the late Roman Republic: Julius Caesar, Pompey the Great, and Marcus Licinius Crassus. Caesar was the first Roman to land in Britain, and he unified the Gaul after its insurrection. During the siege of Alesia, Caesar had ten legions available (V, VI, VII, VIII, IX, X, XI, XII, XIII, XIV, XV), for a total of 60,000 soldiers (ThoughtCo.com, 2017). Picture of Caesar (Ancient History et cetera, 2015) Vercingetorix (82 BC 46 BC)   Ã‚   Vercingetorix is the name that meanswho won 100 battles. He was the Gallic Prince of the Arvernis tribe. During the Gallic war he was   able to gather most of the Gallic tribes in one single impressive army, with himself leading as the General. During the siege of Alesia he had 70,000 soldiers in the citys walls and 240,000 as relief army, situated outside the Roman camp (Thought.com, 2017). Picture of Vercingetorix (Ancient History Encyclopedia, 2014) 4. 58-51 BC, Gallia Cisalpina In 58-51 BC, in territory Gallia Cisalpina (commonly known today as France and part of Belgium), the Roman Consul Caius Julius Caesar (Caesar), ran an intensive military campaign in the region of Gaul. The nature of Caesars tactics, and the style of his battlefront during this period was one of the most bloody during Caesars military career. Within the hill town of Alesia, Caesar and his legions were getting closer to the battlefield that would eventually mark the event as one of the most remarkable military victories in history. This is because the battle that was fought in Alesia involved military strategies which tested Caesars abilities as a leader. He had to find ways to manage numerous traitor-tribes, revolts, and small rebellions. Managing these were important because Caesar knew that if the Gallic tribes formed an alliance against him, the Roman legion may not continue to maintain their rule in the region. (GreatMilitaryBattles.com, 2009) 5. The siege In 52 BC., Vercingetorix, after the battle of Gergovia, thought that it wasnt the right moment to engage in a royal battle against the Caesars army, so therefore he withdrew to the walled Mandubii town of Alesia. Placed on a hill and encircled by river valleys, Alesia was in a strong defensive position. Once nearby Alesia Caesar had to decide the best way to make his attack. Instead of launching a frontal assault, he decided the better strategy was to lay siege to the town, by surrounding the town and waiting for them to surrender. To make sure that Alesia was away from any sort of rescue, Caesars army built a circumvallation wall. Provided with ditches, watchtowers, and traps (such as stimuli, lilies, and tombstones) the wall ran for roughly 15 km. During the endeavor to build the wall by the Romans, Vercingetorix was sending small groups of cavalry with the aim to disturb the Romans work and also to try to kill as many Roman soldiers as possible. Wondering if a possible relief army in Vercingetorix could help, Caesar decided to erect a second wall, in slang contravallation, that was long about 21 km (ThoughtCo.com, 2017). Picture of the circumvallation and contravallation walls at Alesia (Ancient World, 2015) After three weeks of siege, at the end of September, the people in the town were starting to starve. Because of this, Vercingetorix decided to try to assault the Roman camp from the city, with the assistance of the relief army that arrived the day before under the lead of Commius (one of Vercingetorixs army generals), attacking from outside the Roman camp. Both attacks were contained by the Romans, so the Gauls attacked again in the next day, this time with the help of the darkness. When Commius thought that it was the right moment to break through the Roman lines, Mark Anthony and Gaius Trebonius cavalry gave a great proof of their valour keeping the position assigned to them by Caesar. From inside, Vercingetorix was also attacking, but the surprises element was lost due to the need to fill in the Roman trenches before moving onward (ThoughtCo.com, 2017). 6. The final battle The Gauls attack. After one month and a half of the siege, the Gauls decided to concentrate their forces in one last attack. The target was the Roman camp of Mount Rea, the farther from Alesia but even the more difficult to defend, because the landscape of the territory had poor visibility. Inside the citys wall, the remains of the army of Vercingetorix   decided to support the final attack from inside the lines. After 7 hours marching and 5 hours rest, the Gauls launched a devastating charge beginning a bloody hand-to-hand fight. Right away the Roman Tribunes needed reinforcements, so Caesar decided to send 6 military units (cohorts) from the south camp, next to the Mount Flavigny. Vercingetorix saw this move, and he sent quickly a charge to the camp that had just been deprived of a relevant number of troopers. After Caesar gave the order to get the 6 cohorts back to defend the camp from the assault of Vercingetorix, Caesars situation was getting dramatic and he decided to dismount his horse and start to fight with   his comrades. Once the legions of Caius Fabius and Decimus Brutus had recognized the General by his red cloak fighting on their side, they found new energies starting to fight harder (Arsbellica.it, 2015). Picture of army camps and attack directions (arsebellica.it, 2015) Caesars last move. After the 6 cohorts were arrived back to the camp of Mount Flavigny, south of Alesia, Caesar had to rush to the north, to Mount Rea, where the outside army of Vercassivellauno (Vercingetorixs army general) was charging the Roman camp with about 60,000 men. In his way up to the north encampment, Ceasar collected as many horsemen as possible (the Germanic auxiliary cavalry were the best knights of that time), and 4 reserve cohorts. Caesar knew it was his last chance, so he gave his last order: he sent the Germanic cavalry ahead following the entire perimeter to reach Mount Rea, run around it and take the attacking Gauls with surprise by their back. It was a pretty dangerous move because he had to deprive himself of the horsemen for at least two hours, the time to run to the north of Alesia and run around the enemy. In the meantime, Commander Labienus was holding the situation difficultly, waiting for Caesar and relief forces. When the Roman General arrived, he became conscious of the situation. The factions were so mixed that wasnt even possible to thrown an arrow without the risk of hit their own comrades. The legions were in great suffering, but fortunately, as Caesar expected, the Germanic   auxiliary horsemen arrived at the right moment to slaughter the Gauls from rear. Caesar wrote in his book like below: Nostri, omissis pilis, gladiis rem gerunt. Repente post tergum equitatus cernitur. Cohortes aliae adpropinquabant: hostes terga vertunt. Fugientibus equites occurrunt. Fit magna caedes (Ours, renouncing javelins and held the gladii. Suddenly appears behind (of the enemy) our Cavalry. The other cohorts are pressuring, enemies extend their backs. The riders chasing the fugitives. There is a great slaughter ). (CAESAR, De Bello Gallico LXXXVIII, 5-7; arsbellica.it, 2015) Picture of army camps and fleeing directions (arsebellica.it, 2015) The effect of the Caesars last move did not kill the biggest part of the enemy army, but the withdrawal of 60,000 men had increased the fear of the other Gauls who collapsed in panic. After 50 days of siege and their last card played, the Gauls did not manage to break through the Roman defenses. Later on, Vercingetorix yielded to Caesar (arsbellica.it, 2015). 7. Historical results With the repression of the Vercingetorix riot, Rome would finally annex the region of Gaul as Republic Province. This was a significant victory which changed the culture in Gaul. This victory may have other several results. The Romans, after this victory and the following conquest of Britain (England), increased their possession, from the Atlantic Ocean to the Mediterranean Sea, until the North Sea. This property began the fusion of the Celtic people with the Latin ones and the merger of their cultures was be the beginning of the Romance culture of Provence, the courtly poetry and the Carolingian cycle poems. Despite the rising of a new culture, another one was dying out: The Celts. A thriving and old civilization that survived only in the farther and beautiful Island of Ireland.   (arsbellica.it, 2015). 8. References Caesar C.J. (2009). De Bellum Gallicum. Newburyport MA: Focus Publishing. Livius.org. (2014). Alesia (52 BCE).   Retrieved from http://www.livius.org/articles/battle/alesia-52-bce/ Ars bellica. (2015). Assedio di Alesia. Retrieved from http://www.arsbellica.it/pagine/antica/Alesia/alesia.html Kennedy Hickman for ThoughtCo. (2017). Gallic Wars: Battle of Alesia. Retrieved from https://www.thoughtco.com/gallic-wars-battle-of-alesia-2360869 Ancient World. (2015). The siege of Alesia 52 BC. Retrieved from http://www.antickysvet.cz/25994n-oblehani-alesie-52-pred-n.l. Ancient History et cetera. (2015). Barry Strauss on the Assassination of Caesar. Retrieved from  http://etc.ancient.eu/interviews/barry-strauss-on-the-assassination-of-caesar/ Ancient History Encyclopedia. (2014). Vercingetorix. Retrieved from http://www.ancient.eu/image/2399/